The Russian government has warned against promoting “hypotheses” about the cause of the crash of a Russia-bound passenger plane that killed 38 people in Kazakhstan on Wednesday.
Footage of the crashed fuselage appears to indicate shrapnel damage, and some aviation experts have suggested that the Azerbaijan Airlines plane may have been hit by air defense systems over the Russian republic of Chechnya.
Before it fell near the Kazakh city of Aktau, the plane’s course was diverted across the Caspian Sea, from its destination in Chechnya to western Kazakhstan.
Twenty-nine of the 67 people on board survived. Azerbaijan held a national day of mourning on Thursday for the victims of the accident.
![Reuters Emergency crews at the site of the crash of an Azerbaijan Airlines passenger plane near the city of Aktau, Kazakhstan, December 25, 2024.](https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/47ab/live/3301d4d0-c376-11ef-97a2-cbf1b309e0fa.jpg.webp)
“It is a great tragedy that has become a source of great sadness for the Azerbaijani people,” President Ilham Aliyev said on Thursday.
In Moscow, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said: “It would be wrong to put forward any hypotheses before the results of the investigation. We, of course, will not do that, and no one should do that. We have to wait until the investigation is over.” complete.”
The Embraer 190 plane took off from the Azerbaijani capital, Baku, on Wednesday morning. The airline said the plane was scheduled to fly to Grozny, Chechnya, but was diverted due to fog.
One of the surviving passengers told Russian television that he believed the pilot twice tried to land in heavy fog over Grozny before “the third time, something exploded… and part of the plane’s skin flew off.”
The plane was redirected to Aktau Airport, about 450 kilometers (280 miles) to the east. The footage shows the plane heading toward the ground at high speed 3 kilometers (1.9 miles) from the runway, before it burst into flames as it landed.
Kazakh authorities have recovered the flight data recorder and the investigation is ongoing. Shortly after the accident, reports from Russian state-controlled television said the most likely cause was a collision with a flock of birds.
But aviation analyst Richard Aboulafia told Reuters news agency that this type of collision usually causes the plane to slide toward the nearest airport. He added: “It is possible to lose control of the plane, but you do not fly violently off course as a result.”
Justin Crump of risk consultancy Sybilin said the pattern of damage inside and outside the plane suggested active Russian air defense in Grozny may have caused the crash.
He told BBC Radio 4: “It looks very much like an air defense missile exploding at the back and left of the plane, if you look at the pattern of fragments that we see.”
![Map of the Caspian Sea](https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/480/cpsprodpb/acb4/live/dafc3450-c37b-11ef-a2ca-e99d0c9a24e3.png.webp)
Chechnya has already been subjected to attacks by Ukrainian drones this month, and authorities in neighboring Ingushetia said the Russian region was targeted for the first time since the start of the war in Ukraine.
A shopping mall was reportedly hit when a drone was shot down in neighboring North Ossetia, killing a woman.
The Speaker of the Kazakh Senate, Ashimbaev Mullin, confirmed that the cause of the plane crash near Aktau is still unknown.
“None of these countries – Azerbaijan, Russia or Kazakhstan – is interested in hiding information. All information will be available to the public,” he said.
Most of those on board were Azerbaijani citizens, but there were also some passengers from Russia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
Video footage showed survivors emerging from the wreckage, some with visible injuries. Agence France-Presse reported that the injured are receiving treatment in hospital, while 11 are in intensive care.
Embraer, a Brazilian manufacturer, is a smaller competitor to Boeing and Airbus, and has a strong safety record.
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